Kidney disease refers to a condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood effectively. This can lead to a buildup of harmful substances in the body, causing various health problems.Kidney disease, also known as **renal disease**, occurs when the kidneys become damaged and can no longer filter blood effectively.
Here's a more detailed explanation:
What are Kidneys and What Do They Do?
Your kidneys are vital organs located in the middle of your back, just below your ribcage.
Their main job is to filter extra water and wastes out of your blood to produce urine.
They also help balance salts and minerals in the blood, control blood pressure, make red blood cells, and keep bones strong.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) – A gradual loss of kidney function over time, often caused by conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, or genetic disorders.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) – A sudden decline in kidney function due to infections, dehydration, medications, or severe illness.
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)- A **genetic disorder** causing fluid-filled cysts to grow in the kidneys. Can lead to kidney failure over time.
Glomerulonephritis-Inflammation of kidney filters (glomeruli), often due to infections or autoimmune diseases.Can cause **blood or protein in urine**.
Kidney Stones- Hard mineral deposits that form in the kidneys. Can cause **severe pain, blood in urine, and blockages**.
Common Causes of Kidney Disease:
Diabetes (leading cause of CKD)
High blood pressure(damages blood vessels in kidneys)
Heart disease
Family history of kidney disease
Smoking & excessive alcohol use
Long-term use of painkillers (NSAIDs like ibuprofen)
Chronic infections or urinary blockages
Interstital nephritis: (inflammation of the kidney's tubules and surrounding structures)
Kidney disease is often called a **"silent killer"** because symptoms appear late. **Early diagnosis** through blood tests (eGFR) and urine tests (ACR) can help slow progression.
Prevention Tips:
Control blood sugar & blood pressure
Stay hydrated (drink enough water)
Eat a kidney-friendly diet(limit salt, processed foods)
Avoid smoking & excessive painkillers
Get regular check-ups if at risk
Final Thought:
Kidney disease can be managed if caught early. If you have risk factors like diabetes or high blood pressure, **regular kidney function tests** are crucial.
Common Symptoms of Kidney Disease:
Kidney disease often develops silently, with symptoms appearing only in later stages. Here are some common signs to watch for:
1. Fatigue and Weakness: Healthy kidneys produce **erythropoietin**, a hormone that helps make red blood cells. Damaged kidneys produce less, leading to anemia, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating.
2.Swelling (Edema) :Fluid retention in the legs, ankles, or face.
3.Changes in Urination : Increased frequency, foamy urine, or blood in urine.
4. Persistent Itching and Dry Skin:Toxins build up in the blood when kidneys fail, leading to severe itching and dry skin.
5. High Blood Pressure :Kidneys help regulate blood pressure. If they’re damaged, blood pressure can rise, worsening kidney function.
6. Nausea, Vomiting, and Loss of Appetite:Toxin buildup can cause nausea, vomiting, and a metallic taste in the mouth, leading to weight loss.
7.Shortness of Breath : Caused by fluid buildup in the lungs.
8. Muscle Cramps and Sleep Problems: Electrolyte imbalances (low calcium, high phosphorus) can cause muscle cramps. Toxins in the blood may also disrupt sleep.
Diagnosis and Treatment:
Kidney disease is diagnosed through blood tests, urine tests, and imaging tests (like ultrasounds or CT scans).
Treatment focuses on managing the underlying cause, controlling blood pressure and blood sugar (if applicable), and slowing the progression of kidney damage.
In some cases, dialysis or a kidney transplant may be necessary to maintain life.
Takeaway: Kidney disease symptoms are often subtle. Don’t ignore them—early action can save your kidneys!Get the best nephrology treatment in India at Fortis Healthcare. Access a comprehensive list of nephrologists at Fortis Hospital and consult top nephrologists for expert care and advanced treatment.
Get the best nephrology treatment in India at Fortis Healthcare. Access a comprehensive list of nephrologists at Fortis Hospital and consult top nephrologists for expert care and advanced treatment.
Would you like me to add more details on treatments or diet tips for kidney health? Best nephrology treatment at Fortis hospital also provide dialysis service driven by an efficient team of nephrologists, nurses, and certified haemodialysis technicians along with registered dieticians. Peritoneal, nocturnal and short daily dialysis and haemodialysis are provided to both children and adults. The patients suffering from kidney diseases need superior quality care, hope and guidance and we take pride in our team's efforts to achieve successful outcomes for our patients. We ensure patients' comfort and satisfaction through our services.
